Anaconda 離線安裝 NLTK 語料庫找不到路徑問題

這幾天安裝 Anaconda 後發現它已內建 NLTK 套件, 不過語料庫需自行下載安裝, 開啟 Anaconda shell 匯入 nltk 套件呼叫 nltk.download() 下載語料庫 :

(base) PS C:\Users\user> python

Python 3.8.5 (default, Sep  3 2020, 21:29:08) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] :: Anaconda, Inc. on win32

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import nltk  

>>> nltk.download()   

執行 nltk.download() 後會連線 GitHub 並跳出一個視窗顯示語料庫選項, 可選擇所要之語料庫或全部下載, 但可能是公司防火牆阻擋而連線失敗 : 

看來唯一的辦法就是像安裝 wheel 檔那樣看看是否能離線安裝, 我找到下面這篇文章, 作者直接下載語料庫 zip 壓縮檔 : 

# Install NLTK Data offline

GitHub NLTK 語料庫下載網址 :

# https://github.com/nltk/nltk_data/tree/gh-pages

解壓縮後將目錄由 nltk_data_gh_pages 改成 nltk_data 並移到 d: 資料夾下, 也可以放在在線安裝之預設目錄 C:\\Users\\YOURNAME\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data, 但似乎因為找不到 nltk_data 而出現錯誤 :  

>>> from nltk.book import *    

*** Introductory Examples for the NLTK Book ***

Loading text1, ..., text9 and sent1, ..., sent9

Type the name of the text or sentence to view it.

Type: 'texts()' or 'sents()' to list the materials.

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "C:\Users\user\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\nltk\corpus\util.py", line 83, in __load

    root = nltk.data.find("{}/{}".format(self.subdir, zip_name))

  File "C:\Users\user\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\nltk\data.py", line 585, in find

    raise LookupError(resource_not_found)

LookupError:

**********************************************************************

  Resource gutenberg not found.

  Please use the NLTK Downloader to obtain the resource:

  >>> import nltk

  >>> nltk.download('gutenberg')

  

  For more information see: https://www.nltk.org/data.html

  Attempted to load corpora/gutenberg.zip/gutenberg/

  Searched in:

    - 'C:\\Users\\user/nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\Users\\user\\anaconda3\\nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\Users\\user\\anaconda3\\share\\nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\Users\\user\\anaconda3\\lib\\nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\nltk_data'

    - 'D:\\nltk_data'

    - 'E:\\nltk_data'

**********************************************************************

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>

  File "C:\Users\user\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\nltk\book.py", line 27, in <module>

    text1 = Text(gutenberg.words("melville-moby_dick.txt"))

  File "C:\Users\user\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\nltk\corpus\util.py", line 120, in __getattr__

    self.__load()

  File "C:\Users\user\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\nltk\corpus\util.py", line 85, in __load

    raise e

  File "C:\Users\user\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\nltk\corpus\util.py", line 80, in __load

    root = nltk.data.find("{}/{}".format(self.subdir, self.__name))

  File "C:\Users\user\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\nltk\data.py", line 585, in find

    raise LookupError(resource_not_found)

LookupError:

**********************************************************************

  Resource gutenberg not found.

  Please use the NLTK Downloader to obtain the resource:

  >>> import nltk

  >>> nltk.download('gutenberg')

  

  For more information see: https://www.nltk.org/data.html

  Attempted to load corpora/gutenberg

  Searched in:

    - 'C:\\Users\\user/nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\Users\\user\\anaconda3\\nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\Users\\user\\anaconda3\\share\\nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\Users\\user\\anaconda3\\lib\\nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Roaming\\nltk_data'

    - 'C:\\nltk_data'

    - 'D:\\nltk_data'

    - 'E:\\nltk_data'

**********************************************************************

我把 nltk_data 複製一份到 E 碟中也是沒用, 看錯誤訊息中的搜索路徑有 E:\\nltk_data 啊! 真是奇怪怎會找不到.