今天在上 Numpy 線上課程時想實作練習卻發現辦公室電腦無法用 pip 安裝 Numpy (防火牆擋住了), 索性下載 Anaconda 來安裝, 雖然 Anaconda 幾乎是所有 Python 書籍建議的初學者工具, 但我以前都嫌 Anaconda 太龐大 (468MB), 所以都只安裝 Python 本身與用得到的套件而已.
安裝過程很簡單, 就是一路預設到底就好 :
這裡提示可以另外安裝 Python 編輯器 PyCharm, 參考 :
安裝完畢後點左下角開始, 選取 "Anaconda Navigator" 會開啟總覽視窗 :
這裡有兩個應用程式, 左邊是命令列程式, 右邊是資料分析程式, 按 Launch 鈕即可進入 Windows 命令提示字元視窗並進入 Anaconda 命令環境, 可下 pip list 或 conda list 檢視 Anaconda 已安裝套件列表 :
進入命令列的方式其實也可以在開始中直接選取 "Anaconda Powershell Prompt", 這會開啟一個 Powershell 命令列視窗 :
(base) C:\Users\user>pip list
# packages in environment at C:\Users\user\anaconda3:
#
# Name Version Build Channel
_ipyw_jlab_nb_ext_conf 0.1.0 py38_0
alabaster 0.7.12 py_0
anaconda 2020.11 py38_0
anaconda-client 1.7.2 py38_0
anaconda-navigator 1.10.0 py38_0
anaconda-project 0.8.4 py_0
argh 0.26.2 py38_0
argon2-cffi 20.1.0 py38he774522_1
asn1crypto 1.4.0 py_0
astroid 2.4.2 py38_0
astropy 4.0.2 py38he774522_0
async_generator 1.10 py_0
atomicwrites 1.4.0 py_0
attrs 20.3.0 pyhd3eb1b0_0
autopep8 1.5.4 py_0
babel 2.8.1 pyhd3eb1b0_0
backcall 0.2.0 py_0
backports 1.0 py_2
backports.functools_lru_cache 1.6.1 py_0
backports.shutil_get_terminal_size 1.0.0 py38_2
backports.tempfile 1.0 py_1
backports.weakref 1.0.post1 py_1
bcrypt 3.2.0 py38he774522_0
beautifulsoup4 4.9.3 pyhb0f4dca_0
bitarray 1.6.1 py38h2bbff1b_0
bkcharts 0.2 py38_0
blas 1.0 mkl
bleach 3.2.1 py_0
blosc 1.20.1 h7bd577a_0
bokeh 2.2.3 py38_0
boto 2.49.0 py38_0
bottleneck 1.3.2 py38h2a96729_1
brotlipy 0.7.0 py38he774522_1000
bzip2 1.0.8 he774522_0
ca-certificates 2020.10.14 0
certifi 2020.6.20 pyhd3eb1b0_3
cffi 1.14.3 py38h7a1dbc1_0
chardet 3.0.4 py38_1003
click 7.1.2 py_0
cloudpickle 1.6.0 py_0
clyent 1.2.2 py38_1
colorama 0.4.4 py_0
comtypes 1.1.7 py38_1001
conda 4.9.2 py38haa95532_0
conda-build 3.20.5 py38_1
conda-env 2.6.0 1
conda-package-handling 1.7.2 py38h76e460a_0
conda-verify 3.4.2 py_1
console_shortcut 0.1.1 4
contextlib2 0.6.0.post1 py_0
cryptography 3.1.1 py38h7a1dbc1_0
curl 7.71.1 h2a8f88b_1
cycler 0.10.0 py38_0
cython 0.29.21 py38ha925a31_0
cytoolz 0.11.0 py38he774522_0
dask 2.30.0 py_0
dask-core 2.30.0 py_0
decorator 4.4.2 py_0
defusedxml 0.6.0 py_0
diff-match-patch 20200713 py_0
distributed 2.30.1 py38haa95532_0
docutils 0.16 py38_1
entrypoints 0.3 py38_0
et_xmlfile 1.0.1 py_1001
fastcache 1.1.0 py38he774522_0
filelock 3.0.12 py_0
flake8 3.8.4 py_0
flask 1.1.2 py_0
freetype 2.10.4 hd328e21_0
fsspec 0.8.3 py_0
future 0.18.2 py38_1
get_terminal_size 1.0.0 h38e98db_0
gevent 20.9.0 py38he774522_0
glob2 0.7 py_0
greenlet 0.4.17 py38he774522_0
h5py 2.10.0 py38h5e291fa_0
hdf5 1.10.4 h7ebc959_0
heapdict 1.0.1 py_0
html5lib 1.1 py_0
icc_rt 2019.0.0 h0cc432a_1
icu 58.2 ha925a31_3
idna 2.10 py_0
imageio 2.9.0 py_0
imagesize 1.2.0 py_0
importlib-metadata 2.0.0 py_1
importlib_metadata 2.0.0 1
iniconfig 1.1.1 py_0
intel-openmp 2020.2 254
intervaltree 3.1.0 py_0
ipykernel 5.3.4 py38h5ca1d4c_0
ipython 7.19.0 py38hd4e2768_0
ipython_genutils 0.2.0 py38_0
ipywidgets 7.5.1 py_1
isort 5.6.4 py_0
itsdangerous 1.1.0 py_0
jdcal 1.4.1 py_0
jedi 0.17.1 py38_0
jinja2 2.11.2 py_0
joblib 0.17.0 py_0
jpeg 9b hb83a4c4_2
json5 0.9.5 py_0
jsonschema 3.2.0 py_2
jupyter 1.0.0 py38_7
jupyter_client 6.1.7 py_0
jupyter_console 6.2.0 py_0
jupyter_core 4.6.3 py38_0
jupyterlab 2.2.6 py_0
jupyterlab_pygments 0.1.2 py_0
jupyterlab_server 1.2.0 py_0
keyring 21.4.0 py38_1
kiwisolver 1.3.0 py38hd77b12b_0
krb5 1.18.2 hc04afaa_0
lazy-object-proxy 1.4.3 py38he774522_0
libarchive 3.4.2 h5e25573_0
libcurl 7.71.1 h2a8f88b_1
libiconv 1.15 h1df5818_7
liblief 0.10.1 ha925a31_0
libpng 1.6.37 h2a8f88b_0
libsodium 1.0.18 h62dcd97_0
libspatialindex 1.9.3 h33f27b4_0
libssh2 1.9.0 h7a1dbc1_1
libtiff 4.1.0 h56a325e_1
libxml2 2.9.10 hb89e7f3_3
libxslt 1.1.34 he774522_0
llvmlite 0.34.0 py38h1a82afc_4
locket 0.2.0 py38_1
lxml 4.6.1 py38h1350720_0
lz4-c 1.9.2 hf4a77e7_3
lzo 2.10 he774522_2
m2w64-gcc-libgfortran 5.3.0 6
m2w64-gcc-libs 5.3.0 7
m2w64-gcc-libs-core 5.3.0 7
m2w64-gmp 6.1.0 2
m2w64-libwinpthread-git 5.0.0.4634.697f757 2
markupsafe 1.1.1 py38he774522_0
matplotlib 3.3.2 0
matplotlib-base 3.3.2 py38hba9282a_0
mccabe 0.6.1 py38_1
menuinst 1.4.16 py38he774522_1
mistune 0.8.4 py38he774522_1000
mkl 2020.2 256
mkl-service 2.3.0 py38hb782905_0
mkl_fft 1.2.0 py38h45dec08_0
mkl_random 1.1.1 py38h47e9c7a_0
mock 4.0.2 py_0
more-itertools 8.6.0 pyhd3eb1b0_0
mpmath 1.1.0 py38_0
msgpack-python 1.0.0 py38h74a9793_1
msys2-conda-epoch 20160418 1
multipledispatch 0.6.0 py38_0
navigator-updater 0.2.1 py38_0
nbclient 0.5.1 py_0
nbconvert 6.0.7 py38_0
nbformat 5.0.8 py_0
nest-asyncio 1.4.2 pyhd3eb1b0_0
networkx 2.5 py_0
nltk 3.5 py_0
nose 1.3.7 py38_2
notebook 6.1.4 py38_0
numba 0.51.2 py38hf9181ef_1
numexpr 2.7.1 py38h25d0782_0
numpy 1.19.2 py38hadc3359_0
numpy-base 1.19.2 py38ha3acd2a_0
numpydoc 1.1.0 pyhd3eb1b0_1
olefile 0.46 py_0
openpyxl 3.0.5 py_0
openssl 1.1.1h he774522_0
packaging 20.4 py_0
pandas 1.1.3 py38ha925a31_0
pandoc 2.11 h9490d1a_0
pandocfilters 1.4.3 py38haa95532_1
paramiko 2.7.2 py_0
parso 0.7.0 py_0
partd 1.1.0 py_0
path 15.0.0 py38_0
path.py 12.5.0 0
pathlib2 2.3.5 py38_0
pathtools 0.1.2 py_1
patsy 0.5.1 py38_0
pep8 1.7.1 py38_0
pexpect 4.8.0 py38_0
pickleshare 0.7.5 py38_1000
pillow 8.0.1 py38h4fa10fc_0
pip 20.2.4 py38haa95532_0
pkginfo 1.6.1 py38haa95532_0
pluggy 0.13.1 py38_0
ply 3.11 py38_0
powershell_shortcut 0.0.1 3
prometheus_client 0.8.0 py_0
prompt-toolkit 3.0.8 py_0
prompt_toolkit 3.0.8 0
psutil 5.7.2 py38he774522_0
py 1.9.0 py_0
py-lief 0.10.1 py38ha925a31_0
pycodestyle 2.6.0 py_0
pycosat 0.6.3 py38he774522_0
pycparser 2.20 py_2
pycurl 7.43.0.6 py38h7a1dbc1_0
pydocstyle 5.1.1 py_0
pyflakes 2.2.0 py_0
pygments 2.7.2 pyhd3eb1b0_0
pylint 2.6.0 py38_0
pynacl 1.4.0 py38h62dcd97_1
pyodbc 4.0.30 py38ha925a31_0
pyopenssl 19.1.0 py_1
pyparsing 2.4.7 py_0
pyqt 5.9.2 py38ha925a31_4
pyreadline 2.1 py38_1
pyrsistent 0.17.3 py38he774522_0
pysocks 1.7.1 py38_0
pytables 3.6.1 py38ha5be198_0
pytest 6.1.1 py38_0
python 3.8.5 h5fd99cc_1
python-dateutil 2.8.1 py_0
python-jsonrpc-server 0.4.0 py_0
python-language-server 0.35.1 py_0
python-libarchive-c 2.9 py_0
pytz 2020.1 py_0
pywavelets 1.1.1 py38he774522_2
pywin32 227 py38he774522_1
pywin32-ctypes 0.2.0 py38_1000
pywinpty 0.5.7 py38_0
pyyaml 5.3.1 py38he774522_1
pyzmq 19.0.2 py38ha925a31_1
qdarkstyle 2.8.1 py_0
qt 5.9.7 vc14h73c81de_0
qtawesome 1.0.1 py_0
qtconsole 4.7.7 py_0
qtpy 1.9.0 py_0
regex 2020.10.15 py38he774522_0
requests 2.24.0 py_0
rope 0.18.0 py_0
rtree 0.9.4 py38h21ff451_1
ruamel_yaml 0.15.87 py38he774522_1
scikit-image 0.17.2 py38h1e1f486_0
scikit-learn 0.23.2 py38h47e9c7a_0
scipy 1.5.2 py38h14eb087_0
seaborn 0.11.0 py_0
send2trash 1.5.0 py38_0
setuptools 50.3.1 py38haa95532_1
simplegeneric 0.8.1 py38_2
singledispatch 3.4.0.3 py_1001
sip 4.19.13 py38ha925a31_0
six 1.15.0 py38haa95532_0
snowballstemmer 2.0.0 py_0
sortedcollections 1.2.1 py_0
sortedcontainers 2.2.2 py_0
soupsieve 2.0.1 py_0
sphinx 3.2.1 py_0
sphinxcontrib 1.0 py38_1
sphinxcontrib-applehelp 1.0.2 py_0
sphinxcontrib-devhelp 1.0.2 py_0
sphinxcontrib-htmlhelp 1.0.3 py_0
sphinxcontrib-jsmath 1.0.1 py_0
sphinxcontrib-qthelp 1.0.3 py_0
sphinxcontrib-serializinghtml 1.1.4 py_0
sphinxcontrib-websupport 1.2.4 py_0
spyder 4.1.5 py38_0
spyder-kernels 1.9.4 py38_0
sqlalchemy 1.3.20 py38h2bbff1b_0
sqlite 3.33.0 h2a8f88b_0
statsmodels 0.12.0 py38he774522_0
sympy 1.6.2 py38haa95532_1
tblib 1.7.0 py_0
terminado 0.9.1 py38_0
testpath 0.4.4 py_0
threadpoolctl 2.1.0 pyh5ca1d4c_0
tifffile 2020.10.1 py38h8c2d366_2
tk 8.6.10 he774522_0
toml 0.10.1 py_0
toolz 0.11.1 py_0
tornado 6.0.4 py38he774522_1
tqdm 4.50.2 py_0
traitlets 5.0.5 py_0
typing_extensions 3.7.4.3 py_0
ujson 4.0.1 py38ha925a31_0
unicodecsv 0.14.1 py38_0
urllib3 1.25.11 py_0
vc 14.1 h0510ff6_4
vs2015_runtime 14.16.27012 hf0eaf9b_3
watchdog 0.10.3 py38_0
wcwidth 0.2.5 py_0
webencodings 0.5.1 py38_1
werkzeug 1.0.1 py_0
wheel 0.35.1 py_0
widgetsnbextension 3.5.1 py38_0
win_inet_pton 1.1.0 py38_0
win_unicode_console 0.5 py38_0
wincertstore 0.2 py38_0
winpty 0.4.3 4
wrapt 1.11.2 py38he774522_0
xlrd 1.2.0 py_0
xlsxwriter 1.3.7 py_0
xlwings 0.20.8 py38_0
xlwt 1.3.0 py38_0
xmltodict 0.12.0 py_0
xz 5.2.5 h62dcd97_0
yaml 0.2.5 he774522_0
yapf 0.30.0 py_0
zeromq 4.3.2 ha925a31_3
zict 2.0.0 py_0
zipp 3.4.0 pyhd3eb1b0_0
zlib 1.2.11 h62dcd97_4
zope 1.0 py38_1
zope.event 4.5.0 py38_0
zope.interface 5.1.2 py38he774522_0
zstd 1.4.5 h04227a9_0
Anaconda 是為資料科學而生, 所以 Numpy, Pandas, 以及 Matplotlib 都有了, 還有 SciPy, SymPy, Jupyter Notebook, 甚至 NLTK 也安裝了, 但須用 nltk.download() 自行下載語料庫.
參考 :
2. 使用 Jupyter Notebook :
Anaconda 已安裝 Jupyter Notebook, 直接在命令列輸入 jupyter notebook 即可 :
(base) C:\Users\user>jupyter notebook
[I 16:24:27.688 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to C:\Users\user\AppData\Roaming\jupyter\runtime\notebook_cookie_secret
[I 16:24:36.640 NotebookApp] JupyterLab extension loaded from C:\Users\user\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\jupyterlab
[I 16:24:36.640 NotebookApp] JupyterLab application directory is C:\Users\user\anaconda3\share\jupyter\lab
[I 16:24:36.652 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: C:\Users\user
[I 16:24:36.652 NotebookApp] Jupyter Notebook 6.1.4 is running at:
[I 16:24:36.653 NotebookApp] http://localhost:8888/?token=fbc0e66a90c723cde3dc0da5b41a6e14c105873d31deeddb
[I 16:24:36.653 NotebookApp] or http://127.0.0.1:8888/?token=fbc0e66a90c723cde3dc0da5b41a6e14c105873d31deeddb
[I 16:24:36.653 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
[C 16:24:38.062 NotebookApp]
To access the notebook, open this file in a browser:
file:///C:/Users/user/AppData/Roaming/jupyter/runtime/nbserver-4444-open.html
Or copy and paste one of these URLs:
http://localhost:8888/?token=fbc0e66a90c723cde3dc0da5b41a6e14c105873d31deeddb
or http://127.0.0.1:8888/?token=fbc0e66a90c723cde3dc0da5b41a6e14c105873d31deeddb
[I 16:25:36.771 NotebookApp] 302 GET / (::1) 1.03ms
[I 16:25:36.987 NotebookApp] 302 GET /tree? (::1) 1.00ms
然後開啟瀏覽器, 在網址列輸入上面的完整 URL 即可. 如果只輸入 localhost:8888, 這時會出現要求輸入 token 的頁面, 將上面命令列中網址後面附的 token 複製貼上即可進入 Jupyter Notebook 頁面 :
按右上角的 New 選擇 Python 3 即出現 Notebook 交談頁面 :
於 In[] 輸入框中輸入 Python 指令再按上方工具列的 Run 鈕就會在 Out[] 輸出框中顯示結果.
參考 :
# Jupyter Notebook介紹及安裝說明 (讚)
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