2017年2月21日 星期二

在樹莓派上安裝 Crontab 桌面程式 gnome-schedule

向母校圖書館借的 "Raspberry Pi 專案實作 (碁峰, 曾吉弘譯)" 要歸還了, 這本書收錄了樹莓派攝影機, 音訊卡, 語音時鐘, 循跡機器人, 以及 GPIO/I2C 介面實做等應用專案, 非常棒, 值得按圖索驥測試一番. 我也是在這本書看到如何用 Tkinter 來撰寫 GUI 視窗介面程式後, 開始對 Tk 產生了興趣. 不過由於時間有限, 等下次借回來再說吧!


這本書的範例程式碼可在碁峰網站下載 :

http://books.gotop.com.tw/download/ach019000

其實這本書是譯自 Jack Creasey 寫的 "Raspberry Pi Essentials", 在專案一結尾處有介紹如何安裝 Crontab 的桌面程式 gnome-schedule, 下面是我的實驗記錄.

安裝 gnome-schedule 需要 root 權限, 指令如下 :

1. 開啟 root 權限 :

$ sudo -s

2. 取得更新清單 (可略)

$ apt-get update

3. 升級已安裝軟體 (可略)

$ apt-get upgrade

4. 安裝 gnome-schedule

$ apt-get install gnome-schedule

5. 退出 root 權限

$ exit

當然, 在上面 apt-get 指令前面直接用 sudo 也是可以的.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt-get update
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Fetched 9,327 kB in 51s (183 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libasn1-8-heimdal libgssapi3-heimdal libhcrypto4-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhx509-5-heimdal
  libkrb5-26-heimdal libroken18-heimdal libwind0-heimdal libxfce4ui-1-0 xfce-keyboard-shortcuts
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
Done
The following packages have been kept back:
  gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad libgl1-mesa-dri libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0 libraspberrypi-bin libraspberrypi-dev libraspberrypi-doc
  libraspberrypi0 lxpanel lxpanel-data nuscratch plymouth pypy-upstream raspberrypi-bootloader raspberrypi-sys-mods
  raspberrypi-ui-mods sonic-pi xserver-xorg-input-all
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libevent-2.0-5 libgd3 libjasper1 liblcms2-2 libpam-modules libpam-modules-bin libpam-runtime libpam0g libssl1.0.0 libxpm4 ntfs-3g
  openssl raspi-config rc-gui vim-common vim-tiny
16 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 17 not upgraded.
Need to get 3,840 kB of archives.
After this operation, 797 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
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Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.13-1) ...
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Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-6) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.58) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (215-17+deb8u6) ...
Setting up libssl1.0.0:armhf (1.0.1t-1+deb8u6) ...
Setting up libevent-2.0-5:armhf (2.0.21-stable-2+deb8u1) ...
Setting up libxpm4:armhf (1:3.5.12-0+deb8u1) ...
Setting up libgd3:armhf (2.1.0-5+deb8u9) ...
Setting up libjasper1:armhf (1.900.1-debian1-2.4+deb8u2) ...
Setting up liblcms2-2:armhf (2.6-3+deb8u1) ...
Setting up ntfs-3g (1:2014.2.15AR.2-1+deb8u3) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up vim-common (2:7.4.488-7+deb8u2) ...
Setting up vim-tiny (2:7.4.488-7+deb8u2) ...
Setting up openssl (1.0.1t-1+deb8u6) ...
Setting up raspi-config (20170214) ...
insserv: warning: script 'vncboot' missing LSB tags and overrides
Setting up rc-gui (1.7) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-18+deb8u7) ...
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You have new mail in /var/mail/pi
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo apt-get install gnome-schedule
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libasn1-8-heimdal libgssapi3-heimdal libhcrypto4-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhx509-5-heimdal
  libkrb5-26-heimdal libroken18-heimdal libwind0-heimdal libxfce4ui-1-0 xfce-keyboard-shortcuts
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
  anacron at gnome-mime-data libart-2.0-2 libbonobo2-0 libbonobo2-common libbonoboui2-0 libbonoboui2-common libgail18 libglade2-0
  libgnome-2-0 libgnome2-common libgnomecanvas2-0 libgnomecanvas2-common libgnomeui-0 libgnomeui-common libgnomevfs2-0
  libgnomevfs2-common libgnomevfs2-extra libidl0 liborbit-2-0 liborbit2 python-gconf python-glade2 python-gnome2 python-pyorbit
Suggested packages:
  libbonobo2-bin libgnomevfs2-bin python-gnome2-doc python-gtk2-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  anacron at gnome-mime-data gnome-schedule libart-2.0-2 libbonobo2-0 libbonobo2-common libbonoboui2-0 libbonoboui2-common libgail18
  libglade2-0 libgnome-2-0 libgnome2-common libgnomecanvas2-0 libgnomecanvas2-common libgnomeui-0 libgnomeui-common libgnomevfs2-0
  libgnomevfs2-common libgnomevfs2-extra libidl0 liborbit-2-0 liborbit2 python-gconf python-glade2 python-gnome2 python-pyorbit
0 upgraded, 27 newly installed, 0 to remove and 17 not upgraded.
Need to get 8,150 kB of archives.
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Preparing to unpack .../libgnomevfs2-extra_1%3a2.24.4-6_armhf.deb ...
Unpacking libgnomevfs2-extra:armhf (1:2.24.4-6) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.0.2-5) ...
Processing triggers for gconf2 (3.2.6-3) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (215-17+deb8u6) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-6) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.58) ...
Setting up libart-2.0-2:armhf (2.3.21-2) ...
Setting up libbonobo2-common (2.32.1-3) ...
Setting up liborbit-2-0:armhf (1:2.14.19-0.3) ...
Setting up libbonobo2-0:armhf (2.32.1-3) ...
Setting up libglade2-0:armhf (1:2.6.4-2) ...
Setting up gnome-mime-data (2.18.0-1) ...
Setting up libgnomevfs2-common (1:2.24.4-6) ...
Setting up libgnomevfs2-0:armhf (1:2.24.4-6) ...
Setting up libgnome2-common (2.32.1-5) ...
Setting up libgnome-2-0:armhf (2.32.1-5) ...
Setting up libgail18:armhf (2.24.25-3+deb8u1) ...
Setting up libgnomecanvas2-common (2.30.3-2) ...
Setting up libgnomecanvas2-0:armhf (2.30.3-2) ...
Setting up libbonoboui2-common (2.24.5-2) ...
Setting up libbonoboui2-0:armhf (2.24.5-2) ...
Setting up libgnomeui-common (2.24.5-3) ...
Setting up libgnomeui-0:armhf (2.24.5-3) ...
Setting up libidl0:armhf (0.8.14-0.4) ...
Setting up liborbit2:armhf (1:2.14.19-0.3) ...
Setting up at (3.1.16-1) ...
insserv: warning: script 'vncboot' missing LSB tags and overrides
Setting up anacron (2.3-23) ...
insserv: warning: script 'vncboot' missing LSB tags and overrides
Setting up python-gconf (2.28.1+dfsg-1.1) ...
Setting up python-pyorbit (2.24.0-7) ...
Setting up python-gnome2 (2.28.1+dfsg-1.1) ...
Setting up python-glade2 (2.24.0-4) ...
Setting up gnome-schedule (2.1.1-4) ...
Setting up libgnomevfs2-extra:armhf (1:2.24.4-6) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-18+deb8u7) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (215-17+deb8u6) ...
Processing triggers for python-support (1.0.15) ...

這樣就安裝好 gnome-schedule 了.

接下來輸入 startx 進入桌面系統, 在 Menu 的 System tools 裡可以看到 Gnome-schedule, 執行後進入設定畫面 :



如果 Menu 中找不到 Scheduled Task, 可以在 "Menu/Run" 彈出視窗中輸入 gnome-schedule 後按 OK 也可以進入設定頁面 :



設定頁面有三種新增 Cron job 的模式 : 一是週期性執行的 (每幾分鐘, 幾小時執行一次); 二是指定時間執行的 (每日一次); 三是從儲存的模板 (template) 執行.




參考 :

# SCHEDULING TASKS WITH CRON

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